Reasoning by Analogy

In chapter 12 we read about reasoning by analogy. Reasoning by analogy happens when you are drawing a comparison in an argument. That is one side of the comparison drawing a conclusion, thus making the other side of the comparison have the same conclusion. An example used in the book is as follows: Rats are like humans. So if rats get cancer from DDT, so will humans. This shows how one side of the argument concludes the same about the other side.
Now in real life we hear this kind of reasoning all the time. An example is Joe is a human and has to eat and drink to survive. Bill is a human. Bill has to eat and drink to survive. Now this shows how one side of the argument (Joe is a human and has to eat and drink to survive) concludes the other part of the argument (Bill has to eat and drink to survive because he is a human).